Error: "To log in, you need both a higher access level and an identity verification method" on Salesforce Mobile App

Hello Trailblazers,

I am facing a login loop issue with a System Administrator profile when trying to access the Salesforce Mobile App on an iOS device (iPhone), and I would appreciate your insights.

1. I can log in into the desktop version perfectly using Windows Hello PIN as a registered Built-In Authenticator (Passkey).
2. When trying to log into the Salesforce Mobile App on iOS, after entering the Username and Password, the app forces a Passkey verification.
3. The native iOS is still prompting me to use a passkey and there is no chance to choose another verification option. Since the passkey was created locally via Windows Hello, the iPhone cannot resolve it, leading to a dead-end with no option to bypass or cancel.

What I tried so far:

• I disconnected the Built-In Authenticator from the User's Advanced Details via desktop Setup.
• Upon trying to log in again on the mobile app, it bypasses the old key but immediately demands the creation of a new Passkey.
• If I attempt to use a Temporary Verification Code, the login attempt is blocked beforehand by the following error message: 
  "Problem Verifying Your Identity. To log in, you need both a higher access level and an identity verification method. Contact your administrator to gain login access."

Context & Constraints:

• This is a production environment, so I cannot modify global organization settings (such as changing Session Security Levels or altering My Domain mobile browser behaviors) without a formal change control process. I need a solution targeted either at the user level or understanding why the Mobile API triggers this specific high-assurance restriction for this profile.

Has anyone encountered this specific behavior where the Mobile App demands a High Assurance MFA method that blocks the login completely before allowing alternative verification? Any workarounds at the user/permission set level would be highly appreciated.

Thank you in advance!