We've helped a few clients begin to use what I think you're referencing as the "Sales Cloud" - the ability to use Salesforce to manage incoming sales, forecast/quota, pipeline, product lines, sales teams,
You can use this while utilizing the NPSP as well. Most of the functionality and features are under the Sales Process settings (Setup-->Oppts-->Sales Process) - depending on whether you're using this for sums of money (Oppts) or qualifying individuals (Leads).
In addition, there is a setting in the Lightning interface called "Sales Paths" which allows you to customize "Guidance for Success" and important fields for a user to complete as they move an Oppt or a Lead through a Sales Path.
I would recommend this Trailhead (learning module) to start with:
https://trailhead.salesforce.com/en/admin_intro_opptys_leads/admin_intro_opptys_leads_opportunities?id=admin_intro_opptys_leads
